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The Transition from Distance to Online Education: Perspectives from the Educational Management Horizon

Tor Söderström [tor.soderstrom@pedag.umu.se],
Jörgen From [jorgen.from@pedag.umu.se],
Jeanette Lövqvist [jeanette.lovqvist@pedag.umu.se],
Anette Törnquist [anette.tornquist@pedag.umu.se],
Department of Education, Umeå University, Sweden

English Abstract

In Sweden, higher education has moved away from distance education, including physical meetings, to online education with no physical meetings at all. This article focuses on the shift from distance to online education using an educational management perspective that is based on economic, staff, and student data collected between 1994 and 2010 (Department of Education, Umeå University). The results showed that in 2005, the number of distance education students increased significantly. In 2007, when all distance courses shifted to online courses, the number of students increased even further. The online courses attract many more students compared to traditional campus courses. Overall, the transition from distance to online courses has contributed to more students, an economy of scale that makes it possible to increase pedagogic development work. The online courses have also contributed to better working conditions for teachers. Without a deliberate educational management strategy, general educational courses might have been discontinued, a choice that would threaten the study of education as an academic discipline per se. As a result of these conditions, we believe ICT pedagogical development needs technical and pedagogical support as well as strategic leadership.

Swedish Abstract

Inom svensk universitetsutbildning pågår ett skifte från distansutbildning, med fysiska träffar, till nätburen utbildning utan fysiska träffar. Den här artikeln fokuserar detta skifte med utgångspunkt från ett akademiskt ledarskapsperspektiv. Analysen baseras på ekonomiska-, personal- och studentdata mellan 1994 och 2010, vid pedagogiska institutionen, Umeå universitet. Resultaten visar att 2005 ökade antalet distansstudenter markant. 2007, och när alla distanskurser med fysiska träffar övergick till att bli helt nätburna, utan fysiska träffar, ökade antalet studenter ännu mer. De nätburna kurserna attraherar betydligt fler studenter än de traditionella campuskurserna. Från ett övergripande perspektiv kan det konstateras att övergången från distans till nätburna kurser har bidragit till fler studenter och en bättre ekonomi på institutionsnivå, något som i sin tur gjort det möjligt att öka det pedagogiska utvecklingsarbetet. De nätburna kurserna har också bidragit till bättre arbetsvillkor för lärarna. Utan en genomtänkt akademisk ledningsstrategi är det möjligt att kurser i allmänpedagogik hade lagts ned pga. bristande ekonomi, vilket hade varit ett hot mot ämnet pedagogik som akademisk disciplin. Vi kan konstatera att pedagogisk utveckling med informations- och kommunikationstekniskt stöd behöver såväl tekniskt och pedagogiskt stöd, men också ett strategiskt ledarskap.

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Tags

e-learning, distance learning, distance education, online learning, higher education, DE, blended learning, MOOCs, ICT, information and communication technology, collaborative learning, internet, interaction, learning management system, LMS,

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